Grand Egyptian Museum
المتحف المصري الكبير
GEM General View, 2019
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
General information
Type	Museum
Architectural style	Modern
Location	Giza, Greater Cairo
Country	Egypt
Construction started	March 12, 2012[1]
Estimated completion	2020
Inaugurated	2021
Cost	$795 million[1]
Client	Ministry of Antiquities
Technical details
Floor area	81,000 square metres (870,000 sq ft)[2]
Design and construction
Architect	Heneghan Peng
Structural engineer	Arup
Services engineer	Buro Happold
Main contractor	OCI/BESIX
Website
gem.gov.eg

The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM), also known as the Giza Museum, is an archaeological museum under construction in Giza, Egypt. Described as the largest archaeological museum in the world, it will house artifacts of ancient Egypt, including the complete Tutankhamun collection; many pieces will be displayed for the first time.^[3] The museum is sited a plot of land of about 480,000 square metres (5,200,000 sq ft)^[4] approximately two kilometers from the Giza pyramid complex and is part of a new master plan for the Giza Plateau.

Construction on the museum was set to be complete in the first quarter of 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic the museum opening was moved to 2021.

Overview[edit]

The building design was decided by an architectural competition^[5] announced on 7 January 2002. The organisers received 1557 entries from 82 countries, making it the second largest architectural competition in history. In the second stage of the competition, 20 entries submitted additional information on their designs. Judging was complete by 2 June 2003. The competition was won by architects Róisín Heneghan & Shi-Fu Peng, and their company Heneghan.peng.architects (Ireland) winning 250,000 dollars. Second place was awarded to Coop Himmelblau. Héctor Vigliecca and Luciene Quel (Brazil), Ruben Verdi (Italy), Michael Zimmermann, Engel und Zimmermann (Germany), Fernando Pardo Calvo y Bernardo Garcia Tapia, Nuno Filipe Morais Monteiro (Portugal) and Martin Roubik (Czech Republic) received Honorable Mention.^[6] The building is designed by Heneghan Peng Architects, Buro Happold and Arup. The exhibition masterplan, exhibition design and museology is by Atelier Brückner.

The building is shaped like a chamfered triangle in plan. It sits on a site two kilometers west of the pyramids, near a motorway interchange. The building’s north and south walls line up directly with the Great Pyramid of Khufu and the Pyramid of Menkaure. In front of the building is a large plaza, filled with date plants. One of the main features of the museum is the translucent stone wall, made of alabaster, that makes up the front facade of the building. Inside the main entrance is a large atrium, where large statues will be exhibited.

On 2 February 2010, Hill International announced that Egypt’s Ministry of Culture had signed a contract with a joint venture of Hill and EHAF Consulting Engineers to provide project management services during the design and construction of the Grand Egyptian Museum.^[7]

The total estimated project cost is US$550m, US$300m of which will be financed from Japanese loans, the remaining will be financed by the Supreme Council of Antiquities, other donations and international funds.

The new museum is designed to include the latest technology, including virtual reality. The museum will also be an international center of communication between museums, to promote direct contact with other local and international museums. The Grand Egyptian Museum will include a children’s museum, conference center, training center, and workshops similar to the old Pharaonic places.

Progress[edit]

On 5 January 2002, then-Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak laid the foundation stone of the Grand Egyptian Museum. On 25 August 2006 the Statue of Ramesses II was moved from Ramses Square in Cairo to the Giza Plateau, in anticipation of construction of the museum. The Statue of Ramesses II, estimated to be approximately 3,200 years old, was moved to the entrance of the museum in January 2018.^[8][9]

In 2007, GEM secured a $300 million loan from the Japan Bank for International Cooperation. The Egyptian Government will fund $147 million while the remaining $150 million will be funded through donations and international organisations.^[10]

In late August 2008, the design team submitted over 5,000 drawings to the Egyptian Ministry of Culture. Following this, the construction tender was announced in October 2008. Earthmoving has begun to excavate the site for the building.

Tendering was due in September 2009, with an estimated completion date of 2013.^[11]

On 11 January 2012, a joint venture between Egypt’s Orascom Construction Industries (OCI) and the Belgian BESIX Group was awarded the contract for phase three of the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM), a deal valued at $810 million.

The Minister of Antiquities Mamdouh al-Damaty announced in May 2015 that the museum will be partially opened in May 2018.^[12]

On 29 April 2018, a fire broke out near the entrance of the GEM but artifacts were not damaged and the cause of the fire was unknown.^[13]

In May 2018, the last of King Tutankhamun’s chariots was moved to GEM.^[14]

In November 2018, the estimate for a full opening was pushed back to last quarter of 2020, according to Tarek Tawfik, GEM’s director.^[15]

In April 2020, the planned opening of the museum was pushed to 2021 due to the Covid-19 pandemic.^[16]

The GEM is available for private tours in advance of its official opening.^[17]

Exhibits[edit]

The exhibition will cover about one third of the total museum grounds displaying 50,000 artifacts. The main attraction will be the first exhibition of the full tomb collection of King Tutankhamun. The collection includes about 5000 items in total and will be relocated from the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Other objects will be relocated from storages and museums in Luxor, Minya, Sohag, Assiut, Beni Suef, Fayoum, the Delta, and Alexandria.^[18]

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المتحف المصري الكبير

من ويكيبيديا،

المتحف المصري الكبير
المتحف الكبير
منظر عام للمتحف المصري الكبير من الخارج
إحداثيات	29°59′37″N 31°07′11″E
معلومات عامة
نوع المبنى	متحف آثار قديمة
الموقع	مدينة الجيزة
العنوان	هضبة الأهرام، طريق القاهرة – الإسكندرية الصحراوي،  مصر
القرية أو المدينة	الجيزة
الدولة	مصر
سنة التأسيس	2002
تاريخ الافتتاح الرسمي	2020
المجموعات	مجموعة توت عنخ آمون
المساحة	117 فدان، “منها 108 ألف متر خاصة بالمبنى الرئيسي”
الوصول	وسائل النقل العامة
المدير	طارق سيد توفيق “المشرف العام على المشروع”
التصميم والإنشاء
المهندس المعماري	هينجان بنغ (بالإنجليزية: Heneghan Peng)‏
المهندس الإنشائي	شركة Arup  [لغات أخرى]
المقاول الرئيسي	أوراسكوم للإنشاء والصناعة
عدد الزوار سنوياً	15000 زائر يوميا “متوقع”
الموقع الإلكتروني	http://gem.gov.eg
رقم الهاتف	+20-2-33776893[1]،  و+20-2-33777263[1]،  و+20-2-33777484[2]
ويكيميديا | © خريطة الشارع المفتوحة

المتحف المصري الكبير أو (بالإنجليزية: GEM – Grand Egyptian Museum)‏ يقع على بعد أميال قليلة من غرب القاهرة بالقرب من أهرام الجيزة. ويتم بناؤه ليكون أكبر متحف في العالم للآثار، ليستوعب 5 ملايين زائر سنويا . بالإضافة لمباني الخدمات التجارية والترفيهية ومركز الترميم والحديقة المتحفية التي سيزرع بها الأشجار التي كانت معروفة عند المصري القديم. وقد أطلقت مصر حملة لتمويل المشروع الذي تقدر تكلفته بحوالي 550 مليون دولار، تساهم فيها اليابان بقيمة 300 مليون دولار كقرض ميسر، لكن أول محاولة لجمع المال اللازم لبناء هذا الصرح العملاق، تمثلت في المعرض الجديد للآثار المصرية في متحف الفنون في مدينة لوس أنجلوس بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، تحت شعار “توت عنخ أمون والعصر الذهبي الفرعوني”. ومن المقرر أن يضم المتحف أكثر من 100,000 قطعة أثرية من العصور الفرعونية، واليونانية والرومانية، مما سيعطي دفعة كبيرة لقطاع السياحة في مصر.^[3]